Nilometer

The Nilometer on Elephantine Island is one of ancient Egypt’s most important scientific monuments, used to measure the annual rise and fall of the Nile. For thousands of years, these readings determined farming seasons, taxation levels, and the prosperity of the entire country.

Built with stone staircases descending to the river and a central measuring column, the Nilometer allowed priests and officials to accurately track water levels during the flood season. Today, visitors can walk down the ancient steps and see firsthand how Egyptians monitored the lifeline of their civilization.

Set within the archaeological area of Elephantine Island near Aswan, the Nilometer offers a fascinating glimpse into ancient engineering, science, and daily life — all surrounded by beautiful Nile scenery.